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<p>Member access operators allow access to the members of their operands.
</p>
<table class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;">

<tr style="text-align:center">
<th> Operator
</th>
<th> Operator name
</th>
<th> Example
</th>
<th> Description
</th>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> array subscript
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">a<span class="br0">[</span>b<span class="br0">]</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> access the <b>b</b>th element of array <b>a</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">*</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> pointer dereference
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">*</span>a</span></span>
</td>
<td> dereference the pointer <b>a</b> to access the object or function it refers to
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy3">&amp;</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> address of
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>a</span></span>
</td>
<td> create a pointer that refers to the object or function <b>a</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">.</span></span>
</td>
<td> member access
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">a.<span class="me1">b</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> access member <b>b</b> of <a href="struct.html" title="c/language/struct">struct</a> or <a href="union.html" title="c/language/union">union</a> <b>a</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span></span></span>
</td>
<td> member access through pointer
</td>
<td> <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">a<span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span>b</span></span>
</td>
<td> access member <b>b</b> of <a href="struct.html" title="c/language/struct">struct</a> or <a href="union.html" title="c/language/union">union</a> pointed to by <b>a</b>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td>
<div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="operator_member_access.html#Subscript"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Subscript</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="operator_member_access.html#Dereference"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Dereference</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="operator_member_access.html#Address_of"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Address of</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="operator_member_access.html#Member_access"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Member access</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="operator_member_access.html#Member_access_through_pointer"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Member access through pointer</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="operator_member_access.html#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="operator_member_access.html#See_Also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See Also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="operator_member_access.html#See_also_2"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Subscript">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Subscript">Subscript</span>
</h3>
<p>The array subscrpt expression has the form 
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

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<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span> <code><b>[</b></code> <span class="t-spar">integer-expression</span> <code><b>]</b></code>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <span class="t-spar">integer-expression</span> <code><b>[</b></code> <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span> <code><b>]</b></code>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>where 
</p>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an <a href="expressions.html" title="c/language/expressions">expression</a> of type pointer to complete object
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">integer-expression</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an <a href="expressions.html" title="c/language/expressions">expression</a> of integer type
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The subscript operator expression is is <a href="value_category.html" title="c/language/value category">lvalue expression</a> whose type is the type of the object pointed to by <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span>.
</p>
<p>By definition, the subscript operator <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">E1<span class="br0">[</span>E2<span class="br0">]</span></span></span> is exactly identical to <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">*</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">(</span>E1<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">+</span><span class="br0">(</span>E2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span>.  If <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span> is an array expression, it undergoes <a href="conversion.html" title="c/language/conversion">lvalue-to-rvalue conversion</a> and becomes a pointer to the first element of the array.
</p>
<p>Due to the definition of the <a href="operator_arithmetic.html" title="c/language/operator arithmetic">addition between a pointer and an integer</a>, the result is the element of the array with the index equal to the result of <span class="t-spar">integer-expression</span> (or, if <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span> was pointing at ith element of some array, the result is i plus the result of <span class="t-spar">integer-expression</span>)
</p>
<p>Note: see <a href="array.html" title="c/language/array">array</a> for the details on multidimensional arrays.
</p>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span> a<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">1</span>,<span class="nu0">2</span>,<span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%d %d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, a<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">]</span>,  <span class="co1">// n == 3</span>
                      <span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">[</span>a<span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// same, n == 3</span>
    a<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">7</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// subscripts are lvalues</span>
 
    <span class="kw4">int</span> n<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">1</span>,<span class="nu0">2</span>,<span class="nu0">3</span>,<span class="nu0">4</span>,<span class="nu0">5</span>,<span class="nu0">6</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>p<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="sy3">&amp;</span>n<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// elements of n are arrays</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span> x <span class="sy1">=</span> n<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// applying [] again to the array n[1]</span>
 
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%c %c<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, <span class="st0">"abc"</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">]</span>, <span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="st0">"abc"</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// stirng literals are arrays too</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>Output:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">3 3
c c</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Dereference">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Dereference">Dereference</span>
</h3>
<p>The <i>dereference</i> or <i>indirection</i> expression has the form 
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad"> <code><b>*</b></code> <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span>
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>where 
</p>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an <a href="expressions.html" title="c/language/expressions">expression</a> of any pointer type
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>If <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span> is a pointer to function, the result of the dereference operator is a function designator for that function.
</p>
<p>If <span class="t-spar">pointer-expression</span> is a pointer to object, the result is an <a href="value_category.html" title="c/language/value category">lvalue expression</a> that designates the pointed-to object.
</p>
<p>Dereferencing a null pointer, a pointer to an object outside of its lifetime (a dangling pointer), a misaligned pointer, or a pointer with indeterminate value is undefined behavior, except when the dereference operator is nullified by applying the address-of operator to its result, as in <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy3">&amp;</span><span class="sy2">*</span>E</span></span>
</p>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy2">*</span> p <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="sy3">&amp;</span>n<span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"*p = %d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, <span class="sy2">*</span>p<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// the value of *p is what's stored in n</span>
    <span class="sy2">*</span>p <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">7</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// *p is lvalue</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"*p = %d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, <span class="sy2">*</span>p<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>Output:
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">*p = 1
*p = 7</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Address of">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Address_of">Address of</span>
</h3>
<p>The address-of expression has the form 
</p>
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<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>&amp;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">function</span>
</td>
<td> (1)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>&amp;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">lvalue-expression</span>
</td>
<td> (2)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>&amp;</b></code> <code><b>*</b></code> <span class="t-spar">expression</span>
</td>
<td> (3)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td> <code><b>&amp;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">expression</span> <code><b>[</b></code> <span class="t-spar">expression</span> <code><b>]</b></code>
</td>
<td> (4)
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">1)</span> address of a function</div>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">2)</span> address of an object</div>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">3)</span> special case: &amp; and * cancel each other, neither one is evaluated</div>
<div class="t-li1">
<span class="t-li">4)</span> special case: &amp; and the * that is implied in [] cancel each other, only the addition implied in [] is evaluated
<p>where 
</p>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">lvalue-expression</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an <a href="value_category.html" title="c/language/value category">lvalue</a> expression of any type that is not a <a href="bit_field.html" title="c/language/bit field">bit field</a> and does not have <a href="storage_duration.html" title="c/language/storage duration">register</a> storage class
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p>The address-of operator produces the <a href="value_category.html" title="c/language/value category">non-lvalue</a> address of its operand, suitable for initializing a pointer to the type of the operand. If the operand is a function designator (<span class="t-v">(1)</span>), the result is a pointer to function. If the operand is an object (<span class="t-v">(2)</span>), the result is a pointer to object.
</p>
<p>If the operand is the dereference operator, no action is taken (so it's okay to apply &amp;* to a null pointer), except that the result is not an lvalue.
</p>
<p>If the operand is an array index expression, no action is taken other than the array-to-pointer conversion and the addition, so &amp;a[N] is valid for an array of size N (obtaining a pointer one past the end is okay, dereferencing it is not, but dereference cancels out in this expression).
</p>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="kw4">int</span> f<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">char</span> c<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> c<span class="sy4">;</span><span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
   <span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
   <span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>p <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="sy3">&amp;</span>n<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// address of object n</span>
   <span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>fp<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">char</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="sy3">&amp;</span>f<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// address of function f</span>
   <span class="kw4">int</span> a<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">1</span>,<span class="nu0">2</span>,<span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
   <span class="kw4">int</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>beg<span class="sy1">=</span>a, <span class="sy2">*</span>end<span class="sy1">=</span><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>a<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// same as end = n+3</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p><br> 
</p>
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Member access">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Member_access">Member access</span>
</h3>
<p>The member access expression has the form 
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad"> <span class="t-spar">expression</span> <code><b>.</b></code> <span class="t-spar">member-name</span>
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>where 
</p>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">expression</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an expression of <a href="struct.html" title="c/language/struct">struct</a> or <a href="union.html" title="c/language/union">union</a> type
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">member-name</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an <a href="identifier.html" title="c/language/identifier">identifier</a> that names a member of the struct or union designated by <span class="t-spar">expression</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The member access expression designates the named member of the <a href="struct.html" title="c/language/struct">struct</a> or <a href="union.html" title="c/language/union">union</a> designated by its left operand. It has the same <a href="value_category.html" title="c/language/value category">value category</a> as its left operand. 
</p>
<p>If the left operand is <a href="const.html" title="c/language/const">const</a> or <a href="volatile.html" title="c/language/volatile">volatile</a> qualified, the result is also qualified. If the left operand is <a href="atomic.html" title="c/language/atomic">atomic</a>, the behavior is undefined.
</p>
<p>Note: besides identifiers that name objects of struct or union type, the following expressions may have struct or union types: <a href="operator_assignment.html" title="c/language/operator assignment">assignment</a>, <a href="operator_other.html#Function_call" title="c/language/operator other">function call</a>, <a href="operator_other.html" title="c/language/operator other">comma operator</a>, <a href="operator_other.html" title="c/language/operator other">conditional operator</a>, and <a href="compound_literal.html" title="c/language/compound literal">compound literal</a>.
</p>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
<span class="kw1">struct</span> s <span class="br0">{</span><span class="kw4">int</span> x<span class="sy4">;</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw1">struct</span> s f<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw1">struct</span> s<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <span class="kw1">struct</span> s s<span class="sy4">;</span>
    s.<span class="me1">x</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// ok, changes the member of s</span>
    <span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy1">=</span> f<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">x</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// f() is an expression of type struct s</span>
<span class="co1">//  f().x = 1; // Error: this member access expression is not an lvalue</span>
 
    <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw1">struct</span> s sc<span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="co1">//  sc.x = 3;  // Error: sc.x is const, can't be assigned</span>
 
    <span class="kw1">union</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw4">int</span> x<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="kw4">double</span> d<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span> u <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    u.<span class="me1">d</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu16">0.1</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// changes the active member of the union</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p><br> 
</p>
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: Member access through pointer">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Member_access_through_pointer">Member access through pointer</span>
</h3>
<p>The member access expression has the form 
</p>
<table class="t-sdsc-begin">

<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-sdsc">
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad"> <span class="t-spar">expression</span> <code><b>-&gt;</b></code> <span class="t-spar">member-name</span>
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
<td class="t-sdsc-nopad">
</td>
</tr>



<tr>
<td colspan="10" class="t-sdsc-sep">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>where 
</p>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">expression</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an expression of type <a href="pointer.html" title="c/language/pointer">pointer</a> to <a href="struct.html" title="c/language/struct">struct</a> or <a href="union.html" title="c/language/union">union</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td> <span class="t-spar">member-name</span>
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  an <a href="identifier.html" title="c/language/identifier">identifier</a> that names a member of the struct or union pointed by <span class="t-spar">expression</span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The member access through pointer expression designates the named member of the <a href="struct.html" title="c/language/struct">struct</a> or <a href="union.html" title="c/language/union">union</a> type pointed to by its left operand. Its value category is always <a href="value_category.html" title="c/language/value category">lvalue</a>
</p>
<p>If the type pointed to by the left operand is <a href="const.html" title="c/language/const">const</a> or <a href="volatile.html" title="c/language/volatile">volatile</a> qualified, the result is also qualified. If the type pointed to by the left operand is <a href="atomic.html" title="c/language/atomic">atomic</a>, the behavior is undefined.
</p>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">Run this code</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
<span class="kw1">struct</span> s <span class="br0">{</span><span class="kw4">int</span> x<span class="sy4">;</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <span class="kw1">struct</span> s s<span class="sy1">=</span><span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">}</span>, <span class="sy2">*</span>p <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="sy3">&amp;</span>s<span class="sy4">;</span>
    p<span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span>x <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">7</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// changes the value of s.x through the pointer</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw851">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"%d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, p<span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span>x<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// prints 7</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p><br> 
</p>
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span>
</h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 6.5.2.1 Array subscripting (p: 80)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 6.5.2.3 Structure and union members (p: 82-84)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 6.5.3.2 Address and indirection operators (p: 88-89)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 6.5.2.1 Array subscripting (p: 70)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 6.5.2.3 Structure and union members (p: 72-74)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 6.5.3.2 Address and indirection operators (p: 78-79)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 3.3.2.1 Array subscripting 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 3.3.2.3 Structure and union members 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd>
<ul><li> 3.3.3.2 Address and indirection operators 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: See Also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="See_Also">See Also</span>
</h3>
<ul><li> <a href="operator_precedence.html" title="c/language/operator precedence"> Operator precedence</a>
</li></ul>
<table class="wikitable">

<tr style="text-align:center">
<th colspan="7"> Common operators
</th>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td> <a href="operator_assignment.html" title="c/language/operator assignment"> assignment</a>
</td>
<td> <a href="operator_incdec.html" title="c/language/operator incdec"> increment<br>decrement</a>
</td>
<td> <a href="operator_arithmetic.html" title="c/language/operator arithmetic"> arithmetic</a>
</td>
<td> <a href="operator_logical.html" title="c/language/operator logical"> logical</a>
</td>
<td> <a href="operator_comparison.html" title="c/language/operator comparison"> comparison</a>
</td>
<td> <strong class="selflink"> member<br>access</strong>
</td>
<td> <a href="operator_other.html" title="c/language/operator other"> other</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="text-align:center">
<td>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">a <span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">+</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">/</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">%</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy3">&amp;</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy3">|</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy3">^</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&gt;&gt;=</span> b</span></span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">++</span>a<br>
<span class="sy2">--</span>a<br>
a<span class="sy2">++</span><br>
a<span class="sy2">--</span></span></span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">+</span>a<br>
<span class="sy2">-</span>a<br>
a <span class="sy2">+</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">-</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">*</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">/</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy2">%</span> b<br>
~a<br>
a <span class="sy3">&amp;</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy3">|</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy3">^</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&gt;&gt;</span> b</span></span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy3">!</span>a<br>
a <span class="sy3">&amp;&amp;</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy3">||</span> b</span></span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">a <span class="sy1">==</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy3">!</span><span class="sy1">=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&lt;</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&gt;</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&lt;=</span> b<br>
a <span class="sy1">&gt;=</span> b</span></span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">a<span class="br0">[</span>b<span class="br0">]</span><br>
<span class="sy2">*</span>a<br>
<span class="sy3">&amp;</span>a<br>
a<span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span>b<br>
a.<span class="me1">b</span></span></span>
</p>
</td>
<td>
<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">a<span class="br0">(</span>...<span class="br0">)</span><br>
a, b<br>
<span class="br0">(</span>type<span class="br0">)</span> a<br>
<span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="sy4">:</span><br>
<span class="kw4">sizeof</span><br>
_Alignof</span></span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(since C11)</span>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http%3A//en.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="See_also_2">See also</span>
</h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td colspan="2"> <div class="t-dsc-see">
<span><a href="../../cpp/language/operator_member_access.html" title="cpp/language/operator member access">C++ documentation</a></span> for <span class="t-dsc-see-tt"><span>Member access operators</span></span>
</div>
</td>
</tr>

</table>
</div>
</div>

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